章节目录
Preface Acknowledgments . 1. Concepts We Live By 2. The Systematicity of Metaphorical Concepts 3. Metaphorical Systematicity: Highlighting and Hiding 4. Orientational Metaphors 5. Metaphor and Cultural Coherence 6. Ontological Metaphors 7. Personification 8. Metonymy 9. Challenges to Metaphorical Coherence 10. Some Further Examples 11. The Partial Nature of Metaphorical Structuring 12. How Is Our Conceptual System Grounded? 13. The Grounding of Structural Metaphors 14. Causation: Partly Emergent and Partly Metaphorical 15. The Coherent Structuring of Experience 16. Metaphorical Coherence 17. Complex Coherences across Metaphors 18. Some Consequences for Theories of Conceptual Structure 19. Definition and Understanding 20. How Metaphor Can Give Meaning to Form 21. New Meaning 22. The Creation of Similarity 23. Metaphor, Truth, and Action 24. Truth 25. The Myths of Objectivism and Subjectivism 26. The Myth of Objectivism in Western Philosophy and Linguistics 27. How Metaphor Reveals the Limitations of the Myth of Objectivism 28. Some Inadequacies of the Myth of Subjectivism 29. The Experientialist Alternative: Giving New Meaning to the Old Myths 30. Understanding . Afterword References
内容简介
People use metaphors every time they speak. Some of those metaphors are literary - devices for making thoughts more vivid or entertaining. But most are much more basic than that - they're "metaphors we live by", metaphors we use without even realizing we're using them. In this book, George Lakoff and Mark Johnson suggest that these basic metaphors not only affect the way we communicate ideas, but actually structure our perceptions and understandings from the beginning. Bringing together the perspectives of linguistics and philosophy, Lakoff and Johnson offer an intriguing and surprising guide to some of the most common metaphors and what they can tell us about the human mind. And for this new edition, they supply an afterword both extending their arguments and offering a fascinating overview of the current state of thinking on the subject of the metaphor.
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