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标签:物理

  • Statistical Mechanics

    作者:James P. Sethna

    In each generation, scientists must redefine their fields: abstracting, simplifying and distilling the previous standard topics to make room for new advances and methods. Sethna's book takes this step for statistical mechanics - a field rooted in physics and chemistry whose ideas and methods are now central to information theory, complexity, and modern biology. Aimed at advanced undergraduates and early graduate students in all of these fields, Sethna limits his main presentation to the topics that future mathematicians and biologists, as well as physicists and chemists, will find fascinating and central to their work. The amazing breadth of the field is reflected in the author's large supply of carefully crafted exercises, each an introduction to a whole field of study: everything from chaos through information theory to life at the end of the universe.
  • The Physics of Superheroes

    作者:Kakalios, James

    The Physics of Superheroesapplies the reality of physics to the fantasy of comic books. James Kakalios explores the scientific plausibility of the powers and feats of the most famous superheroes—and discovers that in many cases the comic writers got their science surprisingly right. Along the way he provides an engaging and witty commentary while introducing the lay reader to both classic and cutting-edge concepts in physics, including: • What Superman’s strength can tell us about the Newtonian physics of force, mass, and acceleration • How Iceman’s and Storm’s powers illustrate the principles of thermal dynamics • The physics behind the death of Spider-Man’s girlfriend Gwen Stacy • Why physics professors gone bad are the most dangerous evil geniuses!
  • Spacetime and Geometry

    作者:Sean Carroll

    Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity provides a lucid and thoroughly modern introduction to general relativity. With an accessible and lively writing style, it introduces modern techniques to what can often be a formal and intimidating subject. Readers are led from the physics of flat spacetime (special relativity), through the intricacies of differential geometry and Einstein's equations, and on to exciting applications such as black holes, gravitational radiation, and cosmology.
  • 物理力学讲义

    作者:钱学森

    《物理力学讲义(新世纪版)》第1章绪论阐明了物力学的内容、观点和方法,第2、第3、第4章是基础原理,第5章到第9章分别处理气体、固体的液体的热力学性质,说明了从分子结构计算宏观性质的方法,第10章到第13章处理各种输运过程,像热传导、粘滞性、扩散、中子慢化及热辐射等。 《物理力学讲义(新世纪版)》的特点是给出了明确具体而切实可行的计算方法,使得工程介质和材料的热力学性质可以不完全依靠实验就能确定。 物理力学是一门新兴的学科,它从物质的微观结构出发。提供计算机工程技术和所用介质和材料的热力学性质的方法。
  • 量子力学原理

    作者:山卡(R. Shankar)

    《量子力学原理(第2版)》主要内容:Review: `An excellent text....The postulates of quantum mechanics and the mathematical underpinnings are discussed in a clear, succint manner.' - American Scientist, from a review of the First Edition Book Description Reviews from the First Edition:"An excellent text … The postulates of quantum mechanics and the mathematical underpinnings are discussed in a clear, succinct manner." (American Scientist) "No matter how gently one introduces students to the concept of Dirac's bras and kets, many are turned off. Shankar attacks the problem head-on in the first chapter, and in a very informal style suggests that there is nothing to be frightened of." (Physics Bulletin) "This massive text of 700 and odd pages has indeed an excellent get-up, is very verbal and expressive, and has extensively worked out calculational details——-all just right for a first course. The style is conversational, more like a corridor talk or lecture notes, though arranged as a text. … It would be particularly useful to beginning students and those in allied areas like quantum chemistry." (Mathematical Reviews) R. Shankar has introduced major additions and updated key presentations in this second edition of Principles of Quantum Mechanics. New features of this innovative text include an entirely rewritten mathematical introduction, a discussion of Time-reversal invariance, and extensive coverage of a variety of path integrals and their applications. Additional highlights include: - Clear, accessible treatment of underlying mathematics - A review of Newtonian, Lagrangian, and Hamiltonian mechanics - Student understanding of quantum theory is enhanced by separate treatment of mathematical theorems and physical postulates - Unsurpassed coverage of path integrals and their relevance in contemporary physics The requisite text for advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Second Edition is fully referenced and is supported by many exercises and solutions. The book's self-contained chapters also make it suitable for independent study as well as for courses in applied disciplines.
  • A First Course in String Theory

    作者:Barton Zwiebach

    An accessible introduction to string theory, this book provides a detailed and self-contained demonstration of the main concepts involved. The first part deals with basic ideas, reviewing special relativity and electromagnetism while introducing the concept of extra dimensions. D-branes and the classical dynamics of relativistic strings are discussed next, and the quantization of open and closed bosonic strings in the light-cone gauge, along with a brief introduction to superstrings. The second part begins with a detailed study of D-branes followed by string thermodynamics. It discusses possible physical applications, and covers T-duality of open and closed strings, electromagnetic fields on D-branes, Born/Infeld electrodynamics, covariant string quantization and string interactions. Primarily aimed as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, it will also be ideal for a wide range of scientists and mathematicians who are curious about string theory.
  • 普通物理学(下册)

    作者:本社

    《普通物理学(第六版)》是普通高等教育“十一五”国家规划级教材,是在程守洙、江之永主编的《普通物理学》(第五版)的基础上,参照教育部物理基础课程教学指导分委员会新制定的《理工科非物理类专业大学物理课程教学基本要求》修订而成的,书中涵盖了基本要求中所有的核心内容,并精选了相当数量的拓展内容。《普通物理学(第六版)》在修订过程中继承了原书的特色,尽量做到选材精当,论述严谨,行文简明,对经典物理内容进行了精简和深化,增强现代的观点和信息,对近代物理内容进行了精选和普化,加强学习新知识的基础,并适当介绍现代工程技术的新发展和新动态。 《普通物理学(第六版)》分为上、下两册,上册包括力学、热学、电磁学,下册包括振动、波动、光学和量子物理。配套的有网络课程、电子教案、习题分析与解答、思考题分析与拓展、学习指导书等资料。本书是《普通物理学(第六版)》下册,可作为高等学校理工科非物理类专业的教材,也可供相关专业选用和社会读者阅读。
  • 软物质物理学导论

    作者:陆坤权、刘寄星/国别:中国大陆

    编者考虑到国内读者对软物质物理学学习和研究兴趣的日益增加以及缺乏基本参考书的现实,应同行们的要求,编者们根据暑期学校的教学交流内容,邀请两位讲演人和部分专家根据自己的研究领域撰写了有关章节,编出了这本《软物质物理学导论》。本书共分三篇26章:第一篇5章为软物质物理学概论,介绍了软物质的基本特性和研究方法;第二篇9章论述了软物质的表面和界面物理;第三篇12章分别介绍了软物质物理学研究的若干领域,包括软物质的自组织、生物膜膜泡形状、胶体物理、电流变液、二维泡沫系统、生物大分子和颗粒物质等方向。、   本书的第一篇以英文文稿交稿,第二篇以法文文稿交稿。第三篇中也有两章以英文文稿。
  • 力学和对称性导论

    作者:[美]马斯登

    本书阐述了力学与对称性的理论及其进展, 将力学中的几何观点与固体分析结合起来, 深入研究了力学中诸如连续介质力学的变分和哈密顿结构、流体力学、等离子体物理等基本问题; 提供了具体模型中有用的工具, 如应用能量- 开西米尔和能量-动量方法的新的稳定性和分岔准则, 基于具有几何精确性的更新程序和变分积分子的新的数值码,以及在控制理论和机器人学中的新的再定向技术等;介绍了对称性在力学中的广泛应用, 如在约化, 稳定性, 分岔, 关于一个给定的系统对称群的解的对称性的破坏, 可积系统求显式解, 以及对于特殊系统(如Kowalewski顶)的深入理解等问题中的应用。   本书(英文版)附有解题指南和互联网补充, 为读者提供了重要的相关知识。   作者美国加州理工学院Marsden 教授和加州大学圣克鲁斯分校及瑞士联邦工学院Ratiu教授都是相关领域的国际著名专家, 他们从丰富的视角, 深刻阐述了力学和对称性基本理论的大部分内容, 为读者提供了广博而详实的理论和应用分析。
  • Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

    作者:David J. Griffiths

    For one-semester/-year, junior-/senior-level courses in Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Chemistry. This text first teaches students how to do quantum mechanics, and then provides them with a more insightful discussion of what it means. Fundamental principles are covered, quantum theory presented, and special techniques developed for attacking realistic problems. Two-part coverage organizes topics under basic theory, and assembles an arsenal of approximation schemes with illustrative applications.
  • 时空的大尺度结构

    作者:(英)S·W·霍金、(南非)G·F·R·

  • 天文爱好者手册

    作者:洪韵芳

    浩瀚无垠的宇宙,为人类提供了一个不断开拓进取、溯源探新的广阔领域。为了让广大读者了解更多的天文知识,这本书按照当今最新的探索,介绍了宇宙的面貌、天文学的新发现、各类天体的特点、自制简易天文望远镜和天文观测的各种方法,还介绍了春、夏、秋、冬四季的星空和星图等,引导人们进入天文学的殿堂。 按照当今最新的探索,宇宙的面貌是怎样的?天文学有哪些新发现?各类天体有些什么特点?如何自制天文望远镜?怎样进行天文观测…… 本书是中国当前最权威、最实用的天文爱好者工具书。汇集全国优秀的天文普及作家群,从基础知识讲起,注重实际观测,并详述天文望远镜的使用,爱好者望远镜的自制。书中还介绍了春、夏、秋、冬四季的星空和星图,37个附录收入大量必备观测数据、天象预报等内容。容量宏大,资料全面。
  • 流体动力学 (第5版)

    作者:Л.Д.朗道,Е.М.栗弗席兹

    《理论物理学教程(第6卷):流体动力学(第5版)》把流体动力学作为理论物理学的一个分支来阐述,全书风格独特,内容和视角与其他教材相比有很大不同。作者尽可能全面地分析了所有能引起物理兴趣的问题,力求为各种现象及其相互关系建立尽可能清晰的图像。主要内容除了流体动力学的基本理论外,还包括湍流、传热传质、声波、气体动力学、激波、燃烧、相对论流体动力学和超流体等专题。
  • 我在MIT燃燒物理魂

    作者:华尔达·卢文,沃伦·高斯坦

    華爾達 盧文(Walter Lewin),當代頂尖的天文物理學家,在美國麻省理工學院(MIT)任教逾三十年,發表科學論文超過450篇。但花去他最多心力的,卻是開設在大學部的三門基礎物理課。 「我一直嘗試將物理活生生地呈現在學生面前……幫他們用不同的角度看這世界……這也是本書的用意:幫你開啟雙眼,讓你看到物理是以多麼特別的方式支配著這世界,也讓你見識到物理本身令人讚嘆的優雅與美麗!」 他把自己的身體當成實驗器材,而上課,則經常像魔術表演或玩命的特技,「畢竟,科學需要有人做點犧牲。」這是他的口頭禪。 例如在教室裡變出一片藍天及一朵白雲;教你在自家做出一道彩虹,並且把它握在手上;或者在課堂上對著兩個油漆罐開槍,結果裝滿水的那罐炸了開來,九分滿的卻沒有,目的是跟學生證明,水是無法壓縮的,但是空氣可以;甚至將自己充電到三十萬伏特,讓頭髮全都豎立起來,然後告訴學生:高電壓本身並不會致命,關鍵是穿過你身體的電流有多少…… 「物理是對的!」他大叫。
  • 引力的量子效应导论

    作者:马克翰维

    《引力的量子效应导论(英文版)》系统地介绍了引力中的量子场论方法,适合用作理论天体物理,宇宙学,粒子物理和超弦理论等专业的本科生和研究生教材。《引力的量子效应导论(英文版)》首先介绍了量子场论中的一般概念,重点讲解了利用量子场论方法研究引力,同时还介绍了基本且必要的不断扩张宇宙中的场量子化和膨胀时空中的量子涨落。此外,《引力的量子效应导论(英文版)》还详细讨论了Casimir效应,Unruh效应和霍金效应,并介绍了计算外部重力场中量子系统的反向反应的有效作用量。作者从最初的基本原理出发,经过演绎得出最终结果,并对最终结果做详细的解释,帮助读者对该领域建立完整的物理图像。《引力的量子效应导论(英文版)》内容全面,讲解深刻,附有习题及其答案。阅读《引力的量子效应导论(英文版)》只需要基本的广义相对论知识。
  • 解码宇宙

    作者:(美) 塞费

    《解码宇宙:新信息科学看天地万物》:宇宙,或许就是一台庞大的计算机。这是查尔斯·塞费在《解码宇宙:新信息科学看天地万物》中对宇宙做出的结论。作者从信息的特点开始谈起,详细论述了信息论和量子计算,向我们展示了一种不可思议的拜占庭式宇宙的情景,涉及生命的本质、热力学、相对论、量子力学、黑洞、多重宇宙,直至宇宙的命运。《解码宇宙:新信息科学看天地万物》资料翔实,内容丰富多彩,思路清晰,观点明确,读后使人对宇宙肃然起敬。对物理学感兴趣的读者,不妨展卷一读。
  • The Universe in a Helium Droplet

    作者:Grigory E. Volovik

    There are fundamental relations between three vast areas of physics: particle physics, cosmology and condensed matter physics. The fundamental links between the first two areas, in other words, between micro- and macro-worlds, have been well established. There is a unified system of laws governing the scales from subatomic particles to the Cosmos and this principle is widely exploited in the description of the physics of the early Universe. The main goal of this book is to establish and define the connection of these two fields with condensed matter physics. According to the modern view, elementary particles (electrons, neutrinos, quarks, etc.) are excitations of a more fundamental medium called the quantum vacuum. This is the new 'aether' of the 21st Century. Electromagnetism, gravity, and the fields transferring weak and strong interactions all represent different types of the collective motion of the quantum vacuum. Among the existing condensed matter systems, a quantum liquid called superfluid 3He-A most closely represents the quantum vacuum.Its quasiparticles are very similar to the elementary particles, while the collective modes of the liquid are very similar to electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the quanta of these collective modes are analogues of photons and gravitons. The fundamental laws of physics, such as the laws of relativity (Lorentz invariance) and gauge invariance, arise when the temperature of the quantum liquid decreases. This book is written for graduate students and researchers in all areas of physics.
  • 全世界优等生都在做的经典物理趣题

    作者:格里瓦勒

    物理无处不在,影响着我们的生活。《全世界优等生都在做的经典物理趣题:像物理学家一样思考》汇集了数十个来自生活的物理趣题,涉及物理学的各个领域。解答这些趣题不需要高深的物理知识,答案简单明了,但要得出答案却绝非易事。这些题有不少是几百年来的经典,《全世界优等生都在做的经典物理趣题:像物理学家一样思考》作者又向其中加入了许多新鲜元素。各章最后给出了每个问题的解答。 《全世界优等生都在做的经典物理趣题:像物理学家一样思考》语言诙谐,解题方法独到,涉及较多物理及数学知识,适合中学生及以上文化程度的物理学爱好者阅读。这本书将帮助你颠覆直觉,激发想象力,领悟物理之美。
  • 未来总统的物理课

    作者:R·A·穆勒

    《未来总统的物理课》讲述了:·恐怖主义:许多人可能担心发生核恐怖的悲剧,但恐怖分子更容易用普通爆炸物来制造大量杀伤。·能源:告诉人们,他们可以随便调节空调的温度,但要让他们相信,他们家的墙壁可以用某些很好(也可以很便宜)的绝缘材料。·核能:政治家认为核废料问题从本质上说是技术的,而科学家和工程师相信问题是政治的。总统先生需要向公众解释核废料问题已经解决了。·空间:如果过分担心宇航员的安全,不如把他们的工作交给了不起的机器人去做。·全球变暖:要阻止全球变暖,重点应该帮助发展中国家实现二氧化碳储藏。 点击链接进入英文版: Physics for Future Presidents: The Science Behind the Headlines
  • 宇宙极问

    作者:约翰·巴罗,保罗·C·W·戴维斯,小查里

    《第一推动•综合系列:宇宙极问》讲述了:宇宙,量子,信息,实在,涌现……对世界最深刻问题的探究!宇宙是怎么来的?量子是什么?为什么世界是量子的?存在是什么?物质的本原是信息吗?世界是为人创造的吗?……这些问题是一些愿意思考的人不能回避又难以国答的。在这本为庆祝著名理论物理学家约翰•阿奇博尔德•惠勒90周岁生日而出版的文集中,汇集了像惠勒教授一样的顶尖科学家们对这些深刻问题的最新研究成果。