Product Description Incorporating significant editorial changes from earlier editions, the fourth edition of Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations is the definitive en face German-English version of the most important work of 20th-century philosophy •The extensively revised English translation incorporates many hundreds of changes to Anscombes original translation •Footnoted remarks in the earlier editions have now been relocated in the text •What was previously referred to as Part 2 is now republished as Philosophy of Psychology A Fragment, and all the remarks in it are numbered for ease of reference •New detailed editorial endnotes explain decisions of translators and identify references and allusions in Wittgenstein's original text •Now features new essays on the history of the Philosophical Investigations, and the problems of translating Wittgensteins text

Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) was an extraordinarily original thinker, whose influence on twentieth-century thinking far outside the bounds of philosophy alone. In this engaging Introduction, A.C. Grayling makes Wittgenstein's thought accessible to the general reader by explaining the natureand impact of Wittgenstein's views. He describes both his early and later philosophy, the differences and connections between them, and gives a fresh assessment of Wittgenstein's continuing influence on contemporary thought.

Ludwig Wittgenstein is universally recognized as one of the most original and influential philosophers of his age and as a personality of great magnetism and power. Not all who recognize his importance admire him or approve of it; his life and work are both surrounded by controversy. In this welcome reissue of his classic biographical study, complete with a brand-new Preface, Brian McGuinness traces the early years of this fascinating figure and examines the formative influences which shaped his extraordinary life.

《哲学研究》是二十世纪最重要的哲学著作之一。自1953年正式出版以来，对二十世纪后半叶以来的世界哲学面貌产生了深远的影响。本书是维特根斯坦后期的代表作。其中主要批评了其前期有关语言、心灵和世界的思想，提出了相关的新的理解，认为语言、心灵、世界三者之间的一致关系发生在语言之内，而非语言之外；并对哲学的本性做出了全新的诠释，断言哲学研究就是语法研究。本书的中文翻译工作可以回溯到1989年，译者韩林合决定以维特根斯坦作为博士阶段的研究方向，《哲学研究》的翻译工作从那时就已经断断续续地开始。有鉴于维特根斯坦在哲学领域的巨大影响力，本书是哲学研究者的必备经典书目。

该书从维特根斯坦的世界观、心灵观等个人观点出发，解读写作这本书的背景知识，并着重解读了语言和心灵的关系，以及《哲学研究》所涉及的所有命题。还介绍了维特根斯坦写作《哲学研究》的写作思路，出版情况等等。

《关于数学基础的评论》的选文绝大部分是王宇光翻译的，《哲学语法》的选文绝大部分是刘畅翻译的。译文品质都很好，但我还是仔细做了修正。本选集中其他译文都是我自己的，除了极少数例外，例如选自马尔康姆《回忆维特根斯坦》的几段，是我直接从中译本抄下的。如前提示，这个选本中的有些段落由于脱离上下文较为费解，在翻译时做了少许通俗化的处理。有时我的译文主要根据卑尔根维特根斯坦文库的德文电子版全集The Bergen Electronic Edition ，参照以英文的电子版全集，Blackwell Publishers 出版的The Collected Works of Ludwig Wittgenstein 。我在翻译时经常参考已有的中文译文，在此对维特根斯坦的其他中译者表示感谢。　　我希望今后还有机会改善这个选本。为此，我希望同好从各个方面给予批评。（陈嘉映《维特根斯坦读本》选编说明）

《逻辑哲学论》是路德维希·维特根斯坦的主要著作，也是逻辑实证主义的早期重要著作。作者在这本书中否定因果律，断言逻辑和数学的命题都是重言性质的，所有哲学史上争论的问题都是无意义的，哲学的任务只是对语言进行逻辑分析，即日常语言的明确化。这种思想对后来分析哲学的发展有巨大的影响。 本书是关于研究《逻辑哲学论》的专著。

维特根斯坦的《论确实性》是对英国当代哲学家摩尔（G.E. Moore, 1873-1958）在其著名的论文《外在世界的证明》（1939年）中驳斥怀疑论所用方法的批判。摩尔在这篇文章中为了反对怀疑论而提出自己关于外界事物存在的“证明”。他通过举起自己的双手说“这里有一只手”和“这里还有另一只手”，从而得出心灵之外有事物存在的结论：摩尔知道某些哲学家不会对这种证明方法感到满意。他们要求对“这里有一只手”和“这里还有另一只手”这些前提给出逻辑上的证明。摩尔承认自己不能给出这种证明，但仍坚持说他确实能够知道这些命题为真。他认为有些真理是人们确实知道但却不能证明的。他也曾在较早的一篇论文《维护常识》（1925年）中列举一些命题，说他确实“知道它们为真”，比如说“我有身体”，“除了自己以外还有别人”以及“地球在我出生之前很久就已存在”等等。 《论确实性》是维特根斯坦在其一生最后18个月中对知识和确实性问题进行深入探讨的结果，实际上是他这一时期哲学思考过程的记录，读起来就像是作者的思想独白。每则笔记只是按日期把当时的思想记下来，前后顺序并没有照主题重新加以整理和安排。因此同一个讨论题目往往多次重复，前后论点有时也不免有相互矛盾之处。读者为了弄清作者在某个问题上的观点，常常不得不在几百则笔记中前后翻阅，反复查看，所以阅读这本书要有极大的耐心。但是这种努力是值得的。人们在阅读中不时会发现个别语句闪耀出思想形成时进发出的光亮夺目的火花，而层出不穷的新颖思想更是不断扩大和改变读者的视野，仿佛让他们也随着作者在新的思想天地中漫游。这是一位大思想家以全新的眼光探讨知识和确实性这些最困难的认识论问题的思想结晶。维特根斯坦在这里最有力地抨击了笛卡儿以来认识论只顾追求某种“完全确实”的东西这一错误方向。《论确实性》代表了20世纪哲学在认识论领域取得的一个重大进展。

最近二三十年来，在西方哲学界掀起了一股强劲的“维特根斯坦研究热”，连续出版了数十本研究他的哲学思想的专著，论文更是不计其数。在维特根斯坦逝世52周年之际，出版他的12卷本的《全集》，具有特殊的纪念意义。 出版西方哲学家的全集，这是继苗力田的《亚里士多德全集》之后的第二套全集。由于维特根斯坦对20世纪西方哲学思想界影响巨大，因此《全集》的出版在思想界、哲学界、出版界、翻译界都是值得庆幸的大事，它对于促进中西学术文化交流，繁荣我国哲学社会科学，都将产生十分重要的影响。 维特根斯坦（1889 1951）是英籍奥地利裔学者，是20世纪西方重要的哲学家和思想家。他的著作和思想对当代西方哲学的发展产生了重要影响。他不仅直接促成了当代英美分析哲学的形成和发展，而且对当代欧洲大陆哲学的发展也起到了关键作用。

Perhaps the most important work of philosophy written in the twentieth century, the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus first appeared in 1921 and was the only philosophical work that Ludwig Wittgenstein published during his lifetime. Written in short, carefully numbered paragraphs of extreme compression and brilliance, it immediately convinced many of its readers and captivated the imagination of a generation of philosophers. Influencing the Logical positivists of the 1920s and 1930s, the book later went to grip the minds of many other philosophers, convincing many that propositions were pictures of reality. In this edition, David Pears and Brian McGuinness have completely revised their translation based upon Wittgenstein's own suggestions and comments in his correspondence with C. K. Ogden, Wittgenstein's first translator. In addition, this edition contain the introduction by Bertrand Russell which appeared in the original English. Language Notes Text: English (translation) Original Language: German

Product Description Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations presents his own distillation of two decades of intense work on the philosophies of mind, language and meaning. When first published in 1953, it immediately entered the centre of philosophical debate, and achieved a classic status it has retained ever since. This revised German–English edition is published on the fiftieth anniversary of Wittgenstein's death. It incorporates final revisions by G. E. M. Anscombe (1919–2001) to her original English translation.

Perhaps the most important work of philosophy written in the twentieth century, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus was the only philosophical work that Ludwig Wittgenstein published during his lifetime. Written in short, carefully numbered paragraphs of extreme brilliance, it captured the imagination of a generation of philosophers. For Wittgenstein, logic was something we use to conquer a reality which is in itself both elusive and unobtainable. He famously summarized the book in the following words: 'What can be said at all can be said clearly; and what we cannot talk about we must pass over in silence.' David Pears and Brian McGuinness received the highest praise for their meticulous translation. The work is prefaced by Bertrand Russell's original introduction to the first English edition.

维特根斯坦是著名的哲学家、数理逻辑学家、语言学奠基人。本书是根据维特根斯坦遗著中的101、102、103号所编译，主要是他一战参战中的个人笔记。笔记由两个部分构成，其中一部分是所谓的私人部分，记录了维氏参展期间的生活和心理状态，特别是其对世界和人生的看法；另一部分是所谓的哲学部分，纪录了他参战期间的纯哲学思考。本书获得了教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“维特根斯坦文集”的支持。

维特根斯坦是二十世纪最重要的哲学家之一。本书向我们展示了这位带有天才神秘性的哲学家日常生活的一面，以及他将生活与哲学融为一体的思考方式和人格魅力。本书按谈话发生的地点分编为康乃尔、斯密斯学院和牛津三个部分，是研究维特根斯坦晚期思想与生活的第一手珍贵资料。

维特根斯坦作为哲学家极富思想独创性，其影响力远超出哲学本身的范围。本书力图将维特根斯坦的思想精华介绍给读者，说明其哲学观点的本质与影响，并对维特根斯坦在当代思想领域的持续影响给出新的评价。

Wittgenstein possessed one of the most acute philosophical minds of the 20th century. In this incisive portrait, Monk offers a unique insight into the life and work of a modern genius who radically redirected philosophical thought in our time.