'If religion generated everything that is essential in society, this is because the idea of society is the soul of religion.' In The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1912), Emile Durkheim set himself the task of discovering the enduring source of human social identity. He investigated what he considered to be the simplest form of documented religion - totemism among the Aborigines of Australia. Aboriginal religion was an avenue 'to yield an understanding of the religious nature of man, by showing us an essential and permanent aspect of humanity'. The need and capacity of men and women to relate socially lies at the heart of Durkheim's exploration, in which religion embodies the beliefs that shape our moral universe. The Elementary Forms has been applauded and debated by sociologists, anthropologists, ethnographers, philosophers, and theologians, and continues to speak to new generations about the origin and nature of religion and society. This new, lightly abridged edition provides an excellent introduction to Durkheim's ideas. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

本书是涂尔干文集的第二卷，作者系统考察了职业伦理的社会起源从而揭示了职业伦理在现代社会发展中所起的奠基性作用。同时，还从国家和个人关系的角度探讨了政治形式与公共道德的特殊关系。最后，追溯了财产权和契约权的历史演变，进而批驳了天赋人权的观点。作者主张以社会事实作为社会研究的对象，因此本书不仅仅局限于纯粹 伦理理论的探讨，而是结合法学、政治学、人类学实践，从而反映了其深厚的历史社会学视角。

Originally published in 1893 and never out of print, Emile Durkheim's groundbreaking work remains one of the cornerstone texts of the sociological canon--now updated and re-translated in this new edition. As the Industrial Revolution was changing the landscape of society, Durkheim presented a new vision of the social structures at the root of capitalism, and the issues he grappled with still resound today. If pre-industrial societies were held together by common values, sentiments, and norms, equally shared by all, what holds modern societies, with their complex division of labor and non-cohesive social structure, together? What did this new social order mean for the autonomy of the individual? Durkheim argued that class conflict is not inherent in a capitalist society, as Marx contended, but that the unfettered growth of state power would lead to the extinction of individuality. Only in a free society that promotes voluntary bonds between its members, Durkheim suggested, can individuality prosper. In this new edition, the first since 1984, world-renowned Durkheim scholar Steven Lukes revisits and revises the original translation to enhance clarity, accuracy, and fluency for the contemporary reader. Lukes also highlights Durkheim's arguments by putting them into historical context with a timeline of important information. For students and scholars, this edition of "The Division of Labor" is essential reading and key to understanding the relevance of Durkheim's ideas today.

One of Durkheim's most important works, serving as a model in social theory.

本书系“世纪人文系列丛书”之“袖珍经典”中的一种。所谓分类，是指人们把事物，事件以及有关世界的事实划分成类和种，使之各有归属，并确定它们的包含关系或排斥关系的过程。那么，究竟是什么使人们采取分类的方式来安排他们的观念，人们又是在哪儿发现分类这种独特配置的蓝图的？为了回答这一问题，涂尔干和莫斯考察了人类所形成的最粗陋的分类。在澳洲，在中国，图腾呈现了最原始的分类模式，而分类的几种原初形式又揭示了人类现今分类观念的集体之起源，社会之起源。