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标签:马格利特
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马格利特
对于国内大多数的读者,马格利特似乎是个陌生的名字。但只要对超现实主义绘画有一定的了解以后,马格利特所描绘的奇诡神秘的画面便会令人惊诧――就超现实主义队伍中的一股魔幻现实主义趋势来说,马格利特无疑是这一趋势的一代大师。正如他说的那样:“心灵喜欢未知的东西,喜欢其意义尚未为人所知的意象,因为心灵本身的意义就是未知的。”在他看来,绘画是一种唤起心灵现实的手段,这超越了我们对现象世界的知识。在他的笔下便具有了原始、梦幻、性、神秘、死亡、儿童心理、荒诞、超越等多种意识和体验。有关他的生平与创作,在这本“国外现代画家译丛”之一的佳作里,将一览无余。 -
The Decent Society
Avishai Margalit builds his social philosophy on this foundation: a decent society, or a civilized society, is one whose institutions do not humiliate the people under their authority, and whose citizens do not humiliate one another. What political philosophy needs urgently is a way that will permit us to live together without humiliation and with dignity. Most of the philosophical attention nowadays is drawn to the ideal of the just society based on the right balance between freedom and equality. The ideal of the just society is a sublime one but hard to realize. The decent society is an ideal which can be realized even in our children's lifetime. We should get rid of cruelty first, advocated Judith Shklar. Humiliation is a close second. There is more urgency in bringing about a decent society than in bringing about a just one. Margalit begins concretely where we live, with all the infuriating acts of humiliation that make living in the world so difficult. He argues in a concrete way in the spirit of Judith Shklar and Isaiah Berlin. This is a social philosophy that resists all those menacing labels that promote moral laziness, just as it urges us to get beyond the behavior that labels other human beings. Margalit can't be earmarked as liberal or conservative. If a label is necessary, then the most suitable is George Orwell's humane socialism, a far cry from "Animal Farm" socialism with its many tools of oppression. How to be decent, how to build a decent society, emerges out of Margalit's analysis of the corrosive functioning of humiliation in its many forms. This is a thoroughly argued and, what is much more, a deeply felt book that springs from Margalit's experience at the borderlands of conflicts between Eastern Europeans and Westerners, between Palestinians and Israelis.
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