How can the poor and weak “work”a political system to their advantage? Drawing mainly on interviews and surveys in rural China, Kevin O’Brien and Lianjiang Li show that popular action often hinges on locating and exploiting divisions within the state. Otherwise powerless people use the rhetoric and commitments of the central government to try to fight misconduct by local officials, open up clogged channels of participation, and push back the frontiers of the permissible. This “rightful resistance” has far-reaching implications for our understanding of contentious politics. As O’Brien and Li explore the origins, dynamics, and consequences of rightful resistance, they highlight similarities between collective action in places as varied as China, the former East Germany, and the United States, while suggesting how Chinese experiences speak to issues such as opportunities to protest, claims radicalization, tactical innovation, and the outcomes of contention. Although the focus of their rich, ground-level analysis is contemporary China, the authors make a compelling argument that wherever a gap between rights promised and rights delivered exists, there is room for rightful resistance to emerge.

本书刚刚荣获2005度“美国亚洲学会列文图书奖”。作者2000年出版的另一本专著《礼物的流动——一个中国村庄的互惠则与社会网络》在学界获得很好的反响。本书可以说是上一本书，田野调查的延续。同样是以东北的下岬村为调查对象，分别从纵观下岬村这一本土道德世界的变化、农村青年择偶过程的变化、这一转变过程的各种细节、家庭财产分割过程中三种相互关联的习俗沿革以及在彩礼上体现出来的巨大变化等，讨论了作为独立个体的个人的出现与发展和国家在私人生活的转型以及个人主体性的形成中所起的重要作用。结论是在过去半个世纪里，农民的私人生活经历了双重的转型，这一转型的核心在于个人作为独立主体的兴起。 本书探究的是一个之前几乎无人触及的题目——中国乡村的私人情感和家庭生活。阎云翔70年代曾在一个东北农村当了七年农民，1989年他重回那里进行了将近十年的人类学田野调查，研究逐渐富裕起来的农村村民的私人生活和道德世界。他的研究视野从公共领域如社会关系、家庭财产和老人的赡养，一直延伸到私人情感、性、节育和性别的选择。这个课题是极有意义的。